Mimicking nature, artificial photosynthesis transforms abundant molecules like CO2 and H2O into valuable chemicals using solar energy. The two major approaches include photoelectrochemical conversion (PEC) and photovoltaic-powered electrocatalysis (PV-EC). Investigating water reduction to hydrogen and CO2 electroreduction to chemicals, PEC is favored for its potential simplicity and cost-effectiveness, while PV-EC offers modular flexibility. CO2 for PEC and PV-EC can be captured from industrial emissions or directly from the air, mitigating atmospheric CO2 and providing new chemical feedstocks. The challenging yet rewarding conversion of CO2 to fuels and chemicals can be achieved at ambient temperature and pressure.

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Our focus in the realm of green fuels production involves various aspects of these energy systems. In our ongoing NEXTCCUS project, we are developing electrodes and reactors for direct electrochemical CO2 conversion to methanol, ensuring high energy efficiency, over 90% faradaic efficiency, and durability. Methanol, when produced in a circular manner at ambient conditions, stands as a clean, sustainable, and readily transportable energy source. Anode development for electrochemical CO2 reduction is crucial to address CO2 crossover challenges and potential CO2 impurity in the produced O2, presenting additional engineering challenges. Leveraging our expertise in photovoltaics and electrocatalysis, we are also pioneering self-powered PV-EC devices.